Because of its high prevalence in the worldwide population, hypertension is responsible for more than 14% of cases of heart disease, and it is responsible for more cases of atrial fibrillation than any other disorder. Some patients have atrial fibrillation without evidence of structural heart disease or hypertension; this disorder is labeled lone atrial fibrillation. Data from the Framingham study indicate that lone atrial fibrillation is responsible for greater than 15% of all cases with a peak prevalence in individuals 60–80 years of age.

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