Most patients require an intra-aortic balloon pump and IV vasopressor drugs to support blood perfusion to organs and tissues. The opening of the obstructed artery using balloon angioplasty with the insertion of stents has improved survival. Because approximately 40% of cardio-genic shock patients have occlusions in three coronary arteries, emergency coronary artery bypass surgery is the only measure that has improved survival in this group. In the SHOCK trial, the overall 30-day mortality rate was 47% in patients undergoing emergency revascu-larization versus 56% in the medical stabilization group.
This improvement was maintained at the six-month follow up.

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