III. DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY
4. Spironolactone: Added to the above beta-blockers further improves clinical status survival and decreases hospitalization for heart failure.
5. Dual-chamber electronic pacing: In patients with heart failure and intraventricular conduction delay (IVCD), this has shown significant benefit, reduced hospitaliza-tion, and probably will delay the time to transplanta¬tion in individuals on waiting lists.
6. Anticoagulants: These may be required to reduce the risk of embolism that occurs frequently in patients with dilated hearts.
7. Antiarrhythmics: In some of these patients implanta¬tion of an IVCD may become necessary.