A. Prevention
Vector control and interruption of transmission of the parasites to humans remain crucial. In endemic areas individuals should avoid having dogs or cats in the home. Improved housing conditions, repair of walls and ceilings, and added fresh paint should deter bugs from these areas. The use of nets for sleeping should prevent bugs from falling from ceilings onto the exposed face at night.
B. Medications
Antiparasitic agents such as benzimidazole, itraconazole, and nifurtimox reduce parasitemia in the acute phase, but they do not have any effect on the autoimmune-mediated chronic form of the disease. Anticoagulants are necessary in patients with left ventricular aneurysm or thrombi detected in the ventricle and those who have sustained embolism. Arrhythmias often require treatment with antiarrhythmics such as amiodarone. This drug is used for symptomatic relief and does not appear to prolong life.