Study question: Can type 2 diabetes be prevented by interventions that affect the lifestyle of subjects at high risk for the disease? Methods: Randomization of 522 middle-aged, over¬weight subjects with a mean age of 55 years and mean body mass index of 31(weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) with impaired glucose tolerance to either the intervention group or the con¬trol group was done. Subjects in the intervention group received counseling aimed at reducing weight, total intake of fat, and an increased intake of fiber and physical activity. The diagnosis of diabetes was confirmed by a second test after an oral glucose tolerance test.
Results: At 3.2 years’ follow up the cumulative inci¬dence of diabetes after 4 years was 11% in the interven¬tion group and 23% in the control group. A reduction in the incidence of diabetes was associated with changes in lifestyle. The loss of weight in intervention group was 3.5 i 5.5 kg and 0.8 i 4.4 kg in the control group.
Perspective: Lifestyle modification such as weight loss on the incidence of diabetes was substantial; the risk of diabetes was 58% lower in the intervention group. Nonetheless, individuals in the intervention group who do not continue with lifestyle modification including weight loss would eventually show biochemical evidence and complications of diabetes in subsequent years.

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