The generic and trade names of available diuretics are given in Table 1.

A. Thiazides
1. Mechanism of Action
Figure 1 shows a glomerulus and the four main sites of the renal tubules at which diuretics inhibit the reabsorp-tion of sodium and chloride. As the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron approaches the vicinity of the glomerulus, it comes in close proximity to the vascular pole of the structure. At this site for a short distance the afferent arteriole and distal convoluted tubule maintain contact (see sites 8 and 6 in Fig. 1). In this region the cells of the tubule

TABLE 1 Generic and Trade Names of Diuretics

Usual maintenance
Generic name Trade name Tablets (mg) (mg daily)
Group I: Thiazides
Chlorothiazide Diuril, Saluric 250, 500 500–1000
Hydrochlorothiazide HydroDiuril, Hydrosaluric, Esidrix, Esidrex, Oretic, Direma Aprinox, 25, 50, 100 12.5–25
Bendrofluazide Aprinox, Berkozide, Centyl, Neo-NaClex 2.5, 5 2.5–5
Bendroflumenthiazide Naturetin 2.5, 5, 10 2.5–10
Benzthiazide Aquatag, Exna, Hydrex 50 50–100
Cyclothiazide Ahydron 2 2
Hydroflumenthiazide Diucardin, Hydrenox, Saluron 50 50
Chlorthalidone Hygroton 25, 50, 100 25–50
Methyloclothiazide Enduron, Aquatensen, Diutensen-R 2.5, 5 2.5–5

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