The Titanic disaster of 1912 lead the impetus for detect¬ing structures under the sea. In 1940 during World War II ultrasonic floor detectors were developed for tracking enemy submarines. In 1945 with the end of the war, attention was turned to imaging of body parts instead of tracking submarines and technologic developments advanced.
A. W. D. Keidel
In 1950 this German investigator attempted to study the heart using ultrasound. He used transmission ultrasound and obtained an acoustic shadow of the heart that varied with cardiac volume.
B. Inge Edler and Helmut Hertz
Beginning in 1953 Helmut Hertz, a physicist, borrowed a sonar device from a local shipyard, and this led to an electronic firm developing an ultrasonic reflectoscope. Hertz collaborated with Inge Edler, a cardiologist, in Sweden. Dr. Edler became fascinated with echoes that arose from the mitral valve leaflets and in 1960 at the European Congress of Cardiology he presented a movie depicting the mitral valve findings. He showed for the first time that cardiac ultrasound was capable of showing other parts of the heart including the aortic valve and aorta. The cardiac ultrasound was particularly effective in showing fluid in the pericardial sac (pericardial effusions). Dr. Edler and Hertz are the recognized developers of cardiac ultra¬sound, but neither Hertz or Edler, who died in 2001, pursued this work after 1960.

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